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Showing posts with label Textile Testing. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Textile Testing. Show all posts
Count: Yarns  as well as threads are expressed using number to specify them. Yarn count refers to the thickness of a yarn and is determined by its mass per unit length or length per unit mass. It is important to know various numbering systems and their relationships in understanding yarn and thread size specifications. Yarn counting system is of two types. They are -

Direct Counting System (Length fixed but weight variable):
  • Tex 
  • Denier
  • Jute Count
Indirect Counting System (Weight fixed but length variable):
  • English
  • Metric
  • Worsted
Tex: The yarn number or count in the Tex system is the weight in grams of 1000m or 1 km of yarn.

Denier: The yarn count in the denier system is the weight in grams of 9000m or 9 km of yarn.
Pounds per Spyndle: The yarn count in pounds per spindle is the weight in pounds of 14,400yards of yarn. This counting system is commonly known as jute count.

English: It is defined as the number of hanks (840 yards) per pounds. It is denoted by Ne.

Metric: It is defined as the number of hanks (1000 m) per kg. It is defined by Nm.
Worsted: It is defined as the number of hanks (560 yards) per pounds.

Lea Count  = 48/ (Pounds/Spyndle)


Usually, Metric count is used to describe synthetic, spun and corespun yarn and  thread while English count is used to specify cotton yarn and thread. Filament or spandex yarn and threads are normally expressed with Decitex or Denier.

As these counts are used frequently therefore see the below table for better understanding


Count Conversion Laws:

Using the table below will enable you to perform a simple conversion from one system to another. 


Yarn Count | Thread Numbering System | Count Conversion Laws

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Count: Yarns  as well as threads are expressed using number to specify them. Yarn count refers to the thickness of a yarn and is determined by its mass per unit length or length per unit mass. It is important to know various numbering systems and their relationships in understanding yarn and thread size specifications. Yarn counting system is of two types. They are -

Direct Counting System (Length fixed but weight variable):
  • Tex 
  • Denier
  • Jute Count
Indirect Counting System (Weight fixed but length variable):
  • English
  • Metric
  • Worsted
Tex: The yarn number or count in the Tex system is the weight in grams of 1000m or 1 km of yarn.

Denier: The yarn count in the denier system is the weight in grams of 9000m or 9 km of yarn.
Pounds per Spyndle: The yarn count in pounds per spindle is the weight in pounds of 14,400yards of yarn. This counting system is commonly known as jute count.

English: It is defined as the number of hanks (840 yards) per pounds. It is denoted by Ne.

Metric: It is defined as the number of hanks (1000 m) per kg. It is defined by Nm.
Worsted: It is defined as the number of hanks (560 yards) per pounds.

Lea Count  = 48/ (Pounds/Spyndle)


Usually, Metric count is used to describe synthetic, spun and corespun yarn and  thread while English count is used to specify cotton yarn and thread. Filament or spandex yarn and threads are normally expressed with Decitex or Denier.

As these counts are used frequently therefore see the below table for better understanding


Count Conversion Laws:

Using the table below will enable you to perform a simple conversion from one system to another. 


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In garments and textile, before starting bulk production some testing would conduct  according to the buyers requirement. Each buyer set guidelines what tests are mandatory at fabric stage, trims and garments stage.

In garments and textile testing, GPT stands for Garments Performance/ Package Test, FPT stands for  Fabric Performance/ Package Test, GCR stands for Garments Check Report and for Japan as well as china product Formaldehyde and extra pH test should be conducted. For China product this test is commonly known as GB test where pH, formaldehyde, garments safety issues are tested. 

As per buyers own features these tests are so called Lab Testing and which samples are treated for these tests are known as Lab Test Sample.

 

 

 For GPT which tests are commonly conducted listed bellow-

  • Colorfastness to Saliva
  • Colorfastness to Water
  • Colorfastness to Ozone
  • Colorfastness to Perspiration
  • Colorfastness to Non-Chlorine Bleach
  • Colorfastness to Crocking (Rubbing)
  • Colorfastness to Laundering
  • Colorfastness to Light
  • Construction Review
  • Button Attachment Strength
  • Mechanical Hazards
  • Small Parts Attachment Strength
  • Snaps- Attachment Strength
  • Physical And Mechanical Hazards/Workmanship-Use and abuse Test
  • Belt Loop Attachment Strength
  • Tear Strength
  • Tensile Strength
  • Seam Strength
  • Appearance Before & After Laundering
  • Spirality/Torque After Wash
  • Dimensional Stability (Machine Wash)
  • pH Value
  • Zipper Tab Twist Method
  • Stretch And Recovery
  • Fabric Weight

For FPT which tests are commonly conducted listed bellow-

  • Fabric construction
  • Fiber content present in fabric
  • Fabric weight
  • Color fastness
  • Weave construction
  • Yarn count

For GCR, it is normally tested by metal part supplier. How much pressure should give to attach the metal item like snap, shank, tack, ring snap buttons with garments.

A limited percent of formaldehyde should present in garments which are shipped for Japan country, therefore Formaldehyde test would be conducted from JAPAN.

There are some third party testing companies who tests all these tests internationally. Most popular some testing  labs are given below-
  • SGS (General Conditions for Certification Services)
  • BV (Bureau Veritas)
  • INTERTEK
  • CTS (Consumer Testing Services)

What is GPT, FPT, GCR and Formaldehyde Test ? What is Lab Test Sample?

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In garments and textile, before starting bulk production some testing would conduct  according to the buyers requirement. Each buyer set guidelines what tests are mandatory at fabric stage, trims and garments stage.

In garments and textile testing, GPT stands for Garments Performance/ Package Test, FPT stands for  Fabric Performance/ Package Test, GCR stands for Garments Check Report and for Japan as well as china product Formaldehyde and extra pH test should be conducted. For China product this test is commonly known as GB test where pH, formaldehyde, garments safety issues are tested. 

As per buyers own features these tests are so called Lab Testing and which samples are treated for these tests are known as Lab Test Sample.

 

 

 For GPT which tests are commonly conducted listed bellow-

  • Colorfastness to Saliva
  • Colorfastness to Water
  • Colorfastness to Ozone
  • Colorfastness to Perspiration
  • Colorfastness to Non-Chlorine Bleach
  • Colorfastness to Crocking (Rubbing)
  • Colorfastness to Laundering
  • Colorfastness to Light
  • Construction Review
  • Button Attachment Strength
  • Mechanical Hazards
  • Small Parts Attachment Strength
  • Snaps- Attachment Strength
  • Physical And Mechanical Hazards/Workmanship-Use and abuse Test
  • Belt Loop Attachment Strength
  • Tear Strength
  • Tensile Strength
  • Seam Strength
  • Appearance Before & After Laundering
  • Spirality/Torque After Wash
  • Dimensional Stability (Machine Wash)
  • pH Value
  • Zipper Tab Twist Method
  • Stretch And Recovery
  • Fabric Weight

For FPT which tests are commonly conducted listed bellow-

  • Fabric construction
  • Fiber content present in fabric
  • Fabric weight
  • Color fastness
  • Weave construction
  • Yarn count

For GCR, it is normally tested by metal part supplier. How much pressure should give to attach the metal item like snap, shank, tack, ring snap buttons with garments.

A limited percent of formaldehyde should present in garments which are shipped for Japan country, therefore Formaldehyde test would be conducted from JAPAN.

There are some third party testing companies who tests all these tests internationally. Most popular some testing  labs are given below-
  • SGS (General Conditions for Certification Services)
  • BV (Bureau Veritas)
  • INTERTEK
  • CTS (Consumer Testing Services)
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Textile is a well known word to all which refers to a type of cloth or fabric made by general weave. According to industrial language it means relating to fabric or weaving. In order to wikipedia, it is a flexible woven material consisting of yarn sheet or network of threads which are made from natural or synthetic fibers with the aid of loom.

At the basic sense of all the definitions from different institutions relating to textiles that, it is a product made from natural or man made fibers which are used to make garments or fashion technology.

For the educational strategy of Textile Engineering, textile is not bounded into this little things. Since textile means one kind of cloth so all the raw materials, processes, functions and accessories that relating to make a cloth are included into textile. Also there are so many products or items are used in different sections are known as textiles, such as medical related materials ( Thread, Cotton, Bandage etc) are textile goods. Textile materials have a wide range of end uses in our daily needs.


All the processes that requires to make a garment which refers to the end product of textile are studied into Textile Engineering Course. The process sequence of making a cloth are given bellow.

Input Material************* Functions/Processes****************Final Product

                                                                 !
Textile Fiber******************* Spinning********************** Yarn
(Natural fiber)-----------------Cotton spinning/Jute Spinning----------------Cotton yarn/Jute yarn
(Man Made Fiber)-----------------Dry/Wet/Melt Spinning-------------------- Synthetic yarn

                                                                  !
Yarn************************ Weaving/Knitting****************Woven Fab/Knit Fab (Grey)
(High twist for weaving          (Design producing must need)
 and low twist yarns are for knit)
                                                                  !
Grey Fabric******************* Wet Processing****************** Finished Fabric
                                 ( Pretreatment, Dyeing/Printing & Finishing)

                                                                   !
Finished Fabric************** Apparel Manufacturing ************* Final Cloth or RMG
                                                  (Garments or Fashion  Design)

Into all the processes Testing is another required part which must adopt after completing each section. A wide range of textile testing reports are required to make a cloth. FPT ( Fabric Performance Test) and GPT (Garment Performance Test) must require to make any quality garments.

What does Textile mean?

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Textile is a well known word to all which refers to a type of cloth or fabric made by general weave. According to industrial language it means relating to fabric or weaving. In order to wikipedia, it is a flexible woven material consisting of yarn sheet or network of threads which are made from natural or synthetic fibers with the aid of loom.

At the basic sense of all the definitions from different institutions relating to textiles that, it is a product made from natural or man made fibers which are used to make garments or fashion technology.

For the educational strategy of Textile Engineering, textile is not bounded into this little things. Since textile means one kind of cloth so all the raw materials, processes, functions and accessories that relating to make a cloth are included into textile. Also there are so many products or items are used in different sections are known as textiles, such as medical related materials ( Thread, Cotton, Bandage etc) are textile goods. Textile materials have a wide range of end uses in our daily needs.


All the processes that requires to make a garment which refers to the end product of textile are studied into Textile Engineering Course. The process sequence of making a cloth are given bellow.

Input Material************* Functions/Processes****************Final Product

                                                                 !
Textile Fiber******************* Spinning********************** Yarn
(Natural fiber)-----------------Cotton spinning/Jute Spinning----------------Cotton yarn/Jute yarn
(Man Made Fiber)-----------------Dry/Wet/Melt Spinning-------------------- Synthetic yarn

                                                                  !
Yarn************************ Weaving/Knitting****************Woven Fab/Knit Fab (Grey)
(High twist for weaving          (Design producing must need)
 and low twist yarns are for knit)
                                                                  !
Grey Fabric******************* Wet Processing****************** Finished Fabric
                                 ( Pretreatment, Dyeing/Printing & Finishing)

                                                                   !
Finished Fabric************** Apparel Manufacturing ************* Final Cloth or RMG
                                                  (Garments or Fashion  Design)

Into all the processes Testing is another required part which must adopt after completing each section. A wide range of textile testing reports are required to make a cloth. FPT ( Fabric Performance Test) and GPT (Garment Performance Test) must require to make any quality garments.

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