Knit Garments Consumption Formula | Knit Top and Bottom Consumption

Knit fabrics are usually measured in kilogram whereas it is related to GSM as well. Knit fashion is now popular in the world market. Knit merchandising is not so easy thing whatever consumption is one of the key factor for knit merchandising. T-shirts, pull over, polo-shirt (long sleeve or short sleeve) are treated as knit top garments as well as trouser and pant are treated as knit bottom garments.

Consumption formula for any TOP knit Garments

 

(Measurement in CM)

(B.L + S.L. + Allowance) X 1/2 Chest X 2 X GSM X 12 ÷ (10000 X 1000) kg/dz   

Here, 

B.L - Body Length

S.L - Sleeve Length

Allowance - Allowance would have considered for both B.L and S.L

GSM - Gram Per Square Meter

10000 means cm is converted into meter

1000  means gram is converted into kg

(Measurement in INCH)

(B.L + S.L. + Allowance) X 1/2 Chest X 2 X GSM X 12 ÷ (1550X 1000) kg/dz   

Here, 

B.L - Body Length

S.L - Sleeve Length

Allowance - Allowance would have considered for both B.L and S.L

1550 means inch is converted into meter (1 inch = 39.37" where inch square will be 39.37"X39.37")

1000  means gram is converted into kg

Consumption Formula for any Bottom Knit Garments

(Measurement in CM)

(Inseam + B.R + W.B + Allowances) X (1/2 Thai Circular + Allowances) X 4 X GSM X 12 ÷ (10000X 1000) kg/dz

Here, 

B.R - Back Rise

W.B -Waist Band

Allowance - Allowance would have considered for Inseam, B.R & W.B

GSM - Gram Per Square Meter

10000 means cm is converted into meter

1000  means gram is converted into kg

(Measurement in CM)

(Inseam + B.R + W.B + Allowances) X (1/2 Thai Circular + Allowances) X 4 X GSM X 12 ÷ (1550X 1000) kg/dz

Here, 

B.R - Back Rise

W.B -Waist Band

Allowance - Allowance would have considered for Inseam, B.R & W.B

GSM - Gram Per Square Meter

1550 means inch is converted into meter (1 inch = 39.37" where inch square will be 39.37"X39.37")

1000  means gram is converted into kg

Normally 

American Buyers Follow Measurement in Inch

European Buyers Follow Measurement in CM

I think you will enable to perform any knit garments consumption through the above formulas. If anybody requires example of relevant field please contact with me.

Knit Garments Consumption Formula | Knit Top and Bottom Consumption

3 comments

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Knit fabrics are usually measured in kilogram whereas it is related to GSM as well. Knit fashion is now popular in the world market. Knit merchandising is not so easy thing whatever consumption is one of the key factor for knit merchandising. T-shirts, pull over, polo-shirt (long sleeve or short sleeve) are treated as knit top garments as well as trouser and pant are treated as knit bottom garments.

Consumption formula for any TOP knit Garments

 

(Measurement in CM)

(B.L + S.L. + Allowance) X 1/2 Chest X 2 X GSM X 12 ÷ (10000 X 1000) kg/dz   

Here, 

B.L - Body Length

S.L - Sleeve Length

Allowance - Allowance would have considered for both B.L and S.L

GSM - Gram Per Square Meter

10000 means cm is converted into meter

1000  means gram is converted into kg

(Measurement in INCH)

(B.L + S.L. + Allowance) X 1/2 Chest X 2 X GSM X 12 ÷ (1550X 1000) kg/dz   

Here, 

B.L - Body Length

S.L - Sleeve Length

Allowance - Allowance would have considered for both B.L and S.L

1550 means inch is converted into meter (1 inch = 39.37" where inch square will be 39.37"X39.37")

1000  means gram is converted into kg

Consumption Formula for any Bottom Knit Garments

(Measurement in CM)

(Inseam + B.R + W.B + Allowances) X (1/2 Thai Circular + Allowances) X 4 X GSM X 12 ÷ (10000X 1000) kg/dz

Here, 

B.R - Back Rise

W.B -Waist Band

Allowance - Allowance would have considered for Inseam, B.R & W.B

GSM - Gram Per Square Meter

10000 means cm is converted into meter

1000  means gram is converted into kg

(Measurement in CM)

(Inseam + B.R + W.B + Allowances) X (1/2 Thai Circular + Allowances) X 4 X GSM X 12 ÷ (1550X 1000) kg/dz

Here, 

B.R - Back Rise

W.B -Waist Band

Allowance - Allowance would have considered for Inseam, B.R & W.B

GSM - Gram Per Square Meter

1550 means inch is converted into meter (1 inch = 39.37" where inch square will be 39.37"X39.37")

1000  means gram is converted into kg

Normally 

American Buyers Follow Measurement in Inch

European Buyers Follow Measurement in CM

I think you will enable to perform any knit garments consumption through the above formulas. If anybody requires example of relevant field please contact with me.

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Process Flowchart of Spinning, Weaving, Knitting, Dyeing, Printing and Garments Making

In a word TEXTILE means cloth or to weave. If you think it as a broad sense you would find that it is the combination six differential parts where one is related to another. Garment / cloth is the final product of textile, where each and every step has to be followed some successive processes. From fiber to cloth the whole process is basically run through four main steps as spinning, weaving or knitting, dyeing or printing and garments making. Now I have shared the below process flowcharts for any textile students or readers as to know about the significant and consecutive process of textile.

PROCESS FLOWCHART OF TEXTILE AT A GLANCE

TEXTILE FIBERS    -------     YARN MANUFACTURING     -------      YARN
↓
         YARN    -------     FABRIC MANUFACTURING    -------    GREY FABRICS
↓
GREY FABRICS     -------      WET PROCESSING    -------     FINISHED FABRICS
↓
FINISHED FABRICS   --------    GARMENTS MANUFACTURING    --------    GARMENTS

FLOW CHART OF SPINNING

  BLOW-ROOM
↓
CARDING
↓
DRAWING

↓
LAP FORMING
↓
COMBING
↓
DRAWING
↓
ROVING
↓
RING SPINNING

FLOW CHART OF WEAVING

YARN FROM SPINNING
↓
DOUBLING AND TWISTING
↓
WINDING
↓
CREELING
↓
WARPING
↓
SIZING
↓

DRAWING-IN AND DENTING
↓
LOOMING

↓
LTYING-IN
↓
WEAVING

 

FLOW CHART OF KNITTING

YARN IN CONE FORM
↓
CREELING
↓
FEEDING THE YARN IN THE FEEDER
↓
KNITTING
↓
WITHDRAWING THE ROLLED FABRIC
↓
INSPECTION
↓

NUMBERING
↓
DISPATCHING

FLOW CHART OF DYEING (WOVEN FABRIC)

GREY FABRIC INSPECTION
↓
STITCHING
↓
CROPPING
↓
BRUSHING
↓
SINGEING
↓
DESIZING
↓
SCOURING
↓
BLEACHING
↓
SOURING
↓
WASHING
↓
DRYING
↓
MERCERIZING
↓
DYEING
↓
AFTERTREATMENT
↓
FINISHING
↓
INSPECTION
↓
PACKING
↓
BALING

 

FLOW CHART OF DYEING (KNIT DYEING)

GREY FABRIC INSPECTION
↓
BATCHING
↓
STITCHING
↓
LOAD ON MACHINE
↓
SCOURING
↓
BLEACHING
↓
ENZYME TREATMENT
↓
LEVELING
↓
ELECTROLITING
↓
DYEING
↓
AFTERTREATMENT
↓
FINISHING
↓
INSPECTION
↓
PACKING
↓
BALING

FLOW CHART OF PRINTING

GREY FABRIC INSPECTION
↓
STITCHING
↓
CROPPING
↓
BRUSHING
↓
SINGEING
↓
DESIZING
↓
SCOURING
↓
BLEACHING
↓
SOURING
↓
WASHING
↓
DRYING
↓
MERCERIZING
↓
PRINTING 
↓
AFTERTREATMENT
↓
FINISHING
↓
INSPECTION
↓
PACKING
↓
BALING

FLOW CHART OF GARMENT MANUFACTURING

TECH PACK/ SKETCH

↓
BLOCK PATTERN FROM BUYER
↓

PATTERN MAKING
↓
SAMPLE MAKING
↓
GARMENTS PATTERN
↓
GRADING
↓
MARKER MAKING
↓
SPREADING
↓
CUTTING
↓
SORTING & BUNDLING
↓

EMBROIDERY/PRINTING
↓
STITCHING
↓
INSPECTION
↓

WASHING
↓

FINISHING
↓
IRONING
↓
FINAL INSPECTION
↓

FOLDING
↓
PACKING
↓
DISPATCH

Process Flowchart of Spinning, Weaving, Knitting, Dyeing, Printing and Garments Making

1 comment

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In a word TEXTILE means cloth or to weave. If you think it as a broad sense you would find that it is the combination six differential parts where one is related to another. Garment / cloth is the final product of textile, where each and every step has to be followed some successive processes. From fiber to cloth the whole process is basically run through four main steps as spinning, weaving or knitting, dyeing or printing and garments making. Now I have shared the below process flowcharts for any textile students or readers as to know about the significant and consecutive process of textile.

PROCESS FLOWCHART OF TEXTILE AT A GLANCE

TEXTILE FIBERS    -------     YARN MANUFACTURING     -------      YARN
↓
         YARN    -------     FABRIC MANUFACTURING    -------    GREY FABRICS
↓
GREY FABRICS     -------      WET PROCESSING    -------     FINISHED FABRICS
↓
FINISHED FABRICS   --------    GARMENTS MANUFACTURING    --------    GARMENTS

FLOW CHART OF SPINNING

  BLOW-ROOM
↓
CARDING
↓
DRAWING

↓
LAP FORMING
↓
COMBING
↓
DRAWING
↓
ROVING
↓
RING SPINNING

FLOW CHART OF WEAVING

YARN FROM SPINNING
↓
DOUBLING AND TWISTING
↓
WINDING
↓
CREELING
↓
WARPING
↓
SIZING
↓

DRAWING-IN AND DENTING
↓
LOOMING

↓
LTYING-IN
↓
WEAVING

 

FLOW CHART OF KNITTING

YARN IN CONE FORM
↓
CREELING
↓
FEEDING THE YARN IN THE FEEDER
↓
KNITTING
↓
WITHDRAWING THE ROLLED FABRIC
↓
INSPECTION
↓

NUMBERING
↓
DISPATCHING

FLOW CHART OF DYEING (WOVEN FABRIC)

GREY FABRIC INSPECTION
↓
STITCHING
↓
CROPPING
↓
BRUSHING
↓
SINGEING
↓
DESIZING
↓
SCOURING
↓
BLEACHING
↓
SOURING
↓
WASHING
↓
DRYING
↓
MERCERIZING
↓
DYEING
↓
AFTERTREATMENT
↓
FINISHING
↓
INSPECTION
↓
PACKING
↓
BALING

 

FLOW CHART OF DYEING (KNIT DYEING)

GREY FABRIC INSPECTION
↓
BATCHING
↓
STITCHING
↓
LOAD ON MACHINE
↓
SCOURING
↓
BLEACHING
↓
ENZYME TREATMENT
↓
LEVELING
↓
ELECTROLITING
↓
DYEING
↓
AFTERTREATMENT
↓
FINISHING
↓
INSPECTION
↓
PACKING
↓
BALING

FLOW CHART OF PRINTING

GREY FABRIC INSPECTION
↓
STITCHING
↓
CROPPING
↓
BRUSHING
↓
SINGEING
↓
DESIZING
↓
SCOURING
↓
BLEACHING
↓
SOURING
↓
WASHING
↓
DRYING
↓
MERCERIZING
↓
PRINTING 
↓
AFTERTREATMENT
↓
FINISHING
↓
INSPECTION
↓
PACKING
↓
BALING

FLOW CHART OF GARMENT MANUFACTURING

TECH PACK/ SKETCH

↓
BLOCK PATTERN FROM BUYER
↓

PATTERN MAKING
↓
SAMPLE MAKING
↓
GARMENTS PATTERN
↓
GRADING
↓
MARKER MAKING
↓
SPREADING
↓
CUTTING
↓
SORTING & BUNDLING
↓

EMBROIDERY/PRINTING
↓
STITCHING
↓
INSPECTION
↓

WASHING
↓

FINISHING
↓
IRONING
↓
FINAL INSPECTION
↓

FOLDING
↓
PACKING
↓
DISPATCH

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Classification of Knitting Machines-Knitting Technology

The machines used for the manufacturing of knit fabrics can be divided into machines with
individually driven needles and needle bar machines.

The former type of machine incorporates needles which are moved individually by cams acting
on the needle butt; they are used for producing weft knits and are subdivided into circular
knitting machines and flat-bed knitting machines.

The needles used can be latch needles or compound needles.

The needle bar machines incorporate needles which move simultaneously, since they are all
fixed to the same bar; we distinguish full-fashioned knitting machines and circular loop-wheel
machines for the production of weft knit fabrics, which only use spring-beard needles, and warp
knitting machines which use spring-beard needles, latch needles and compound needles.

Classification of Knitting Machines-Knitting Technology

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The machines used for the manufacturing of knit fabrics can be divided into machines with
individually driven needles and needle bar machines.

The former type of machine incorporates needles which are moved individually by cams acting
on the needle butt; they are used for producing weft knits and are subdivided into circular
knitting machines and flat-bed knitting machines.

The needles used can be latch needles or compound needles.

The needle bar machines incorporate needles which move simultaneously, since they are all
fixed to the same bar; we distinguish full-fashioned knitting machines and circular loop-wheel
machines for the production of weft knit fabrics, which only use spring-beard needles, and warp
knitting machines which use spring-beard needles, latch needles and compound needles.

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Knitting Technology | Weft and Warp Knitted Fabrics | Difference Between Weft and Warp Knitting

 

Knitting: Knitting is the method of creating fabric by transforming continuous strands of yarn into a series of interlocking loops, each row of such loops hanging from the one immediately preceding it. The basic element of a knit fabric structure is the loop intermeshed with the loops adjacent to it both sides and above and below it.

In the simplest form, a knit fabric is made by the longitudinal and vertical repetition of the same element, the loop, which is the basic element of the fabric.

The loop is a length of yarn that is forced to assume a curvilinear shape. It can be divided into three main sections

a) Loop top
b) Loop side and bottom
c) Half interloop (The interloop is the yarn that links two consecutive loops)

Knit fabrics are mainly categorized into two types respectively WEFT Knitting & WARP Knitting. The horizontal or vertical
repetition of loops forms the typical structures of knit fabrics, which can be divided into WEFT
KNIT FABRIC and WARP KNIT FABRIC, respectively.


WEFT KNITTING: In a weft knitted structure a horizontal row of loops can be made using one thread and the thread runs in horizontal direction.

WARP KNITTING: In a warp knitted structure, each loop in the horizontal direction is made from a different thread and the number of threads used to produce such a fabric is at least equal to the number pf loops in a horizontal row. One can say that in a warp knitted fabric the threads run roughly in a vertical direction.

What is a Course and Wales?

The word “course” defines a row of horizontal loops, belonging or not to the same yarn; “wale”
means a row of loops laid vertically one upon the other

Knitting Technology | Weft and Warp Knitted Fabrics | Difference Between Weft and Warp Knitting

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Knitting: Knitting is the method of creating fabric by transforming continuous strands of yarn into a series of interlocking loops, each row of such loops hanging from the one immediately preceding it. The basic element of a knit fabric structure is the loop intermeshed with the loops adjacent to it both sides and above and below it.

In the simplest form, a knit fabric is made by the longitudinal and vertical repetition of the same element, the loop, which is the basic element of the fabric.

The loop is a length of yarn that is forced to assume a curvilinear shape. It can be divided into three main sections

a) Loop top
b) Loop side and bottom
c) Half interloop (The interloop is the yarn that links two consecutive loops)

Knit fabrics are mainly categorized into two types respectively WEFT Knitting & WARP Knitting. The horizontal or vertical
repetition of loops forms the typical structures of knit fabrics, which can be divided into WEFT
KNIT FABRIC and WARP KNIT FABRIC, respectively.


WEFT KNITTING: In a weft knitted structure a horizontal row of loops can be made using one thread and the thread runs in horizontal direction.

WARP KNITTING: In a warp knitted structure, each loop in the horizontal direction is made from a different thread and the number of threads used to produce such a fabric is at least equal to the number pf loops in a horizontal row. One can say that in a warp knitted fabric the threads run roughly in a vertical direction.

What is a Course and Wales?

The word “course” defines a row of horizontal loops, belonging or not to the same yarn; “wale”
means a row of loops laid vertically one upon the other

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Measuring GSM of Fabric Without GSM Cutter | Woven Fabric GSM Measurement

GSM is the short form of Grams per Square Meter. GSM is the very most important thing which defines the weight of the fabrics of knit garments.

Garment price and quality based on many things like GSM, fabric quality, colors, finishing, prints, embroidery, style, etc. But GSM is the most important thing to be decided when confirming the prices between the sellers and buyers.

If we have fabrics, then we don’t have any problem in finding GSM, as we can cut any dimension to find GSM. But most of the times, we will have only the garments to find GSM. And we will have to keep the garment for style, making and other references. So we will be allowed to cut a small bit from the garments. Hence nowadays, round cutters are used. This system is used worldwide. With the help of this round cutter, the fabric will be cut into a small bit.

Then the GSM of the fabric can be found out by multiplying the weight of this round bit by 100. This round bit is to be weighed in an electronic scale with milligram accuracy. As this bit is very small and as the weight has to be multiplied by 100, the fabric has to be cut very sharply to get the exact GSM. Hence the blades of this round cutter are to be  sharp and new to get the exact GSM.

Now we will measure GSM in general procedure (In case of woven garment it is frequently used)

 GSM is the weight of 1meter x 1meter fabric. It means 100cm x 100cm = 10,000 sq.cms. It can be found out by any one of the below ways.

·         By the weight of 100cm x 100cm fabric bit.

·         By the weight of 50cm x 50cm fabric bit multiplied by 4.

·         By the weight of 25cm x 25cm fabric bit multiplied by 16.

·         By the weight of 10cm x 10cm fabric bit multiplied by 100.

We must be aware that if we use the smaller size bit, accurate GSM can not be achieved. The bigger size of fabric bit is better used to get exact or closer GSM.

Measuring GSM of Fabric Without GSM Cutter | Woven Fabric GSM Measurement

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GSM is the short form of Grams per Square Meter. GSM is the very most important thing which defines the weight of the fabrics of knit garments.

Garment price and quality based on many things like GSM, fabric quality, colors, finishing, prints, embroidery, style, etc. But GSM is the most important thing to be decided when confirming the prices between the sellers and buyers.

If we have fabrics, then we don’t have any problem in finding GSM, as we can cut any dimension to find GSM. But most of the times, we will have only the garments to find GSM. And we will have to keep the garment for style, making and other references. So we will be allowed to cut a small bit from the garments. Hence nowadays, round cutters are used. This system is used worldwide. With the help of this round cutter, the fabric will be cut into a small bit.

Then the GSM of the fabric can be found out by multiplying the weight of this round bit by 100. This round bit is to be weighed in an electronic scale with milligram accuracy. As this bit is very small and as the weight has to be multiplied by 100, the fabric has to be cut very sharply to get the exact GSM. Hence the blades of this round cutter are to be  sharp and new to get the exact GSM.

Now we will measure GSM in general procedure (In case of woven garment it is frequently used)

 GSM is the weight of 1meter x 1meter fabric. It means 100cm x 100cm = 10,000 sq.cms. It can be found out by any one of the below ways.

·         By the weight of 100cm x 100cm fabric bit.

·         By the weight of 50cm x 50cm fabric bit multiplied by 4.

·         By the weight of 25cm x 25cm fabric bit multiplied by 16.

·         By the weight of 10cm x 10cm fabric bit multiplied by 100.

We must be aware that if we use the smaller size bit, accurate GSM can not be achieved. The bigger size of fabric bit is better used to get exact or closer GSM.

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